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On this day: Lincoln issues preliminary Emancipation Proclamation

cultureSep 22, 202629154

On September 22, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln announced the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation after meeting his cabinet in Washington, declaring that enslaved people in states or parts of states still in rebellion on January 1, 1863, would be declared free. The announcement followed the Union halt of the Confederate invasion at the Battle of Antietam five days earlier, the bloodiest single day of battle in American military history, and used that Union advantage to issue the threat of emancipation. The proclamation did not immediately abolish slavery nationwide; it applied only to areas in open rebellion and left loyal border states untouched. Lincoln’s declaration recast the Civil War as an explicit struggle against slavery, created a pathway for enlistment of Black soldiers in the Union armed forces, and strengthened the connection between Union victory and emancipation. The proclamation also altered the conflict’s international significance by making support for the Confederacy tantamount to supporting slavery. Historians credit the September 22 declaration with helping set the United States on the path toward the constitutional abolition of slavery in 1865.

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