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Nepal flood likely triggered by glacier ice avalanche

newsAug 26, 202618222

An international team of scientists says satellite imagery and field evidence point to a huge chunk of glacier shearing off and cascading down a mountainside into the Lhende Khola, a tributary of the Bhote Koshi, triggering the flash floods that tore through parts of Nepal and Tibet. The US Geological Survey first logged a 4.4 magnitude shaking at 8:37 a.m. local time and later said the event was not an earthquake but the landslide itself, which registered like a magnitude 5.2 quake. Researchers led by geologist Daniel Shugar say the event combined a rock landslide with ice and sediment, producing far larger volumes of water and debris than a simple rockfall; the sediment was likely waterlogged by monsoon season. Scientists warn warmer temperatures and accelerating glacier melt in the Hindu Kush Himalaya may have destabilised ice and rock, with ice loss rates in the region doubling since 2000. Experts such as Tom Robinson note the floods resemble glacial lake outburst dynamics, where trapped meltwater is suddenly released and surges down steep valleys. Investigators say it will take weeks to months to establish precisely what happened and how much melting, lake release, or cascade processes each contributed. The event underscores vulnerability for nearly 2 million people who live downstream of Himalayan glaciers and will guide immediate field studies and hazard assessments in the affected valleys.

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