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Analysis warns UK drug deal could cause 229,000 excess deaths

scienceJul 4, 202619122

An analysis published in the British Medical Journal finds the UK-US drug‑pricing agreement reached in December could force the NHS in England to divert £44.7 billion from health services by 2036 to pay higher prices for new medicines, producing an estimated 229,000 excess deaths by 2036. The report, from researchers at the University of York, the University of Liverpool and Christchurch Hospital in New Zealand, says most preventable deaths would be among people with heart, respiratory, gastrointestinal disease or cancer. Including indirect effects on adult social care raises the projected toll to 291,000. The deal commits the UK to pay about 25% more for new medicines over the next decade and to double the share of GDP spent on innovative therapies from 0.3% to 0.6%, against a current annual spend of £14.4 billion. Ministers have defended the agreement as protecting British drug exports from US tariffs and expanding patient access, while campaign groups and opposition MPs say the deal will force NHS service cuts to meet costs. The government says the deal will cost an extra £1 billion between 2025-26 and 2028-29 but has not released long-term cost estimates; science minister Patrick Vallance said the Department of Health and Social Care, not the Treasury, will bear the costs. Unless extra funding is provided, the analysis concludes higher drug spending will reduce NHS services and produce the projected excess deaths.

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